EXCAVATION AND GRADING
Locate tickets and dig dates: a log that stops crews starting early.
A locate ticket is a permission with dates on it. It cannot be used before the utilities have had their time to answer, and it stops being valid on a day the state sets. A good log makes both dates impossible to miss, and never says more than the records show.
TAKEAWAY
A ticket opens late and closes early, and the log exists to show both edges.
Between filing a locate request and lifting the first bucket sit a waiting period, a list of utilities that each owe an answer, and an end date after which the marks no longer count. State law or the state's one-call center sets each of them, and they differ. A ticket log records them per ticket, so that no crew starts on a ticket that has not run its course or has already lapsed.
An assistant can keep that log, read the centers' status pages and draft update requests for the owner to file. It never says a site is clear to dig: whether to dig is the owner's call, and how to expose a marked line is the operator's, on site. The rules below come from Florida, Texas and Minnesota as published on 16 October 2026. They illustrate the differences; the owner confirms the rule for each state the company works in, and none of this is legal advice.
01 / WHAT THE TICKET CARRIES
The ticket number arrives with a waiting time, a list of utilities and an end date.
According to the national 811 service, whoever files a request gets back a ticket number with instructions: how long the utilities have to respond, and how to confirm that all of them have. Its page for professionals covers the other end of the ticket. If the marks cannot be kept up during the job, or the work will run past the request's expiration date, which varies by state, the excavator asks the center for a re-mark.
The federal duty sits underneath. OSHA's section 1926.651(b) has an employer establish roughly where utilities run before an excavation is opened, ask their owners to locate them, and pin down the exact position by safe means as the digging nears them. Minnesota, like other states with an OSHA-approved plan of its own, enforces its own standard instead.
02 / THREE STATES, THREE CLOCKS
Florida, Texas and Minnesota count the same days differently.
The table sets two states' published rules side by side, with Texas below it, all as checked on 16 October 2026. They show how far the details move; questions of liability go to the company's own lawyer.
Texas runs on its own terms. Texas811 counts a two-working-day wait that leaves out state holidays, and the national 811 service's Texas page lists notice of no more than fourteen days ahead and marks valid for fourteen days, under state law or practice. Texas811's answers for excavators add two points a log should carry: there is no blanket ticket, so a subcontractor who digs needs its own, and a response of clear means only that this utility found no direct conflict with the described site.
Even the margin around a mark differs. Minnesota's guidance keeps power equipment at least two feet, side to side, from an unexposed facility; Texas811 says the one-call law sets no general margin, recommends hand digging within eighteen inches of a mark, and points to a state rule giving underground pipelines a tolerance zone of half the pipe's diameter plus at least eighteen inches each side. Florida's statute also says when an excavator may go ahead after an operator misses its marking time, and with what care. Those are readings for the owner on site, not entries the log decides.
| What the log needs | Florida (Chapter 556, Florida Statutes) | Minnesota (Gopher State One Call) |
|---|---|---|
| Notice before digging | Two full business days for digging on land; an after-hours notice counts from the next business day | Forty-eight hours, not counting the filing day, weekends or holidays, and at most fourteen calendar days ahead |
| How long it lasts | Thirty calendar days after the notice, not counting the day it was given | Fourteen calendar days from the start date and time on the ticket, unless the marks are obscured |
| Responses | A positive response from each operator within two full business days, verified by the excavator before digging | Since 1 August 2026, an electronic response from every operator, with statuses such as Marked and Not Yet Responded |
| Marks lost or work running long | Stop work near the facility and ask the system for a re-mark | One Update, filed at least forty-eight hours before expiry, under a new number citing the original; a larger area needs a new ticket |
03 / ONE ROW PER TICKET
Each row writes the dates out, so nobody has to work them out from memory.
The owner can create a Locates Bot in Grok Bot under Aevrion's pattern to keep these rows: a named Bot with its own conversation, told to remember the standing rule that it never writes 'clear', 'cleared' or 'safe' about a site; a utility's own response status is copied as the center shows it. A remembered rule guides the Bot; it is not a technical lock. The rows live in the company's own spreadsheet or job system, because the documentation says memory is no substitute for an authoritative source.
- TICKET NUMBER
As issued, plus the original number for an update, so one dig's history stays in one row.
- WHO IT COVERS
The company named on the ticket; a subcontracted dig gets its own where the state requires it.
- FILED
Date and time, and whether it fell outside the center's business hours.
- AREA
The address and dig area as described or white-lined, checked against the job plan.
- EARLIEST START
Computed from the owner's written rule for that state and the center's holiday list.
- RESPONSES
One line per utility, with the status the center's system shows and when it was read.
- ENDS
The expiry under the state's rule, and the last day an update can still be filed in time.
- SITE NOTES
Marks missing or disputed, as the operator reported them; each goes to the owner that day.
Based on the Grok Bot documentation at docs.x.ai as checked on 15 October 2026. Its statements on Bot rules, Bot-to-Bot messaging, routine triggers, connected apps, approval expiry and payments were rechecked against docs.x.ai and Cursor's help pages on 26 October 2026. The trade examples are Aevrion's illustrations, not documented Grok Bot use cases. Aevrion Ops is an independent consultancy. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by or a partner of xAI, SpaceXSI or Cursor. Grok Bot is named here only to describe it.
04 / A TICKET'S LIFE
Six states a ticket passes through, and the one that belongs to nobody.
The sequence holds in every state; only the clocks between the steps change.
- 01
Drafted
- Owner
- The Locates Bot, from the job record
- Advances when
- The owner approves the request, then completes the login and the submit
- Ends when
- Withdrawn if the job is canceled
- 02
Filed and waiting
- Owner
- The one-call center and its member utilities
- Advances when
- The state's waiting period runs out
- 03
Answers coming in
- Owner
- Each utility named on the ticket
- Advances when
- Every listed utility shows a response
- Ends when
- A delayed or no-access response goes to the owner to settle
- 04
The owner's call
- Owner
- The owner, with the responses and the marks on site
- Advances when
- The owner decides whether and how the crew digs, and the log records who decided
- 05
Running out
- Owner
- The Locates Bot flags it; the owner acts
- Advances when
- An update or re-mark is filed in time, opening a linked row
- Ends when
- The end date passes with nothing filed
- 06
Lapsed
- Owner
- Nobody
- Advances when
- A new ticket is filed and the clock restarts
- Ends when
- Closed in the log with its date; nobody digs on it
05 / THE DAWN READ
A routine reads the status pages on a schedule and writes a list, not a verdict.
A Grok Bot routine runs a task on a schedule, never less than five minutes apart. The Locates Bot's routine runs each weekday before the crew leaves and opens each open ticket's status page, such as Gopher State One Call's search-and-status page or the status link saved in the ticket's row, by supervised browser use where the center allows it, subject to testing. Logins go to the owner through a takeover of the Bot's screen, and a site that blocks automation stays a manual check. The list has four parts: tickets with any utility unanswered, tickets whose earliest start is today or tomorrow, tickets ending soon, and responses that need a person. Where every listed utility has answered, it says exactly that and no more.
Filing, updating or canceling a ticket is a submission in the company's name, and the documentation recommends keeping such actions behind approval, with narrow Ask first rules. So the routine drafts the update request with the end date beside it, and the owner files it from the Bot's conversation. Nothing in the documentation retries a failed run or sends an alert, so an unreadable page is reported as unreadable rather than filled with yesterday's answers, and the owner checks the run history.
06 / BEFORE YOU DIG AUSTRALIA
In Australia an inquiry returns plans, and the plans carry their own validity dates.
Before You Dig Australia's 2023 inquiry guide, in the copy South Australia's Department for Infrastructure and Transport publishes, describes a different shape (checked 16 October 2026). An inquiry lodged at least one business day ahead goes to the member asset owners near the site, whose plans indicate that assets exist there rather than exactly where; up to two business days should be allowed for them. Work waits for information from every affected asset owner, and a changed scope or expired plans need a new inquiry. The same log works with three columns renamed: inquiry number, plans received per owner, and validity end.
07 / WHERE TO START
Put every open ticket on one page this week, with the day it ends beside it.
The first version needs no Bot: one page listing each open ticket, its earliest start, its responses and its end date, filled from the center's records. A week of keeping it by hand shows where the risk sits, whether in tickets that lapse while rain holds a job, in subcontracted digs riding on someone else's ticket, or in responses nobody went back to read.
That page is also the brief for a conversation with Aevrion Ops about the rows a Locates Bot would keep, the routine that reads the centers' pages, the approval rules around every filing, and whether each center's website can be read by supervised browser use where the center permits it. The contact page opens that conversation.
SUMMARY
What to take from this.
- A locate ticket cannot be used before its waiting period ends or after its end date, and both dates are set by the state.
- Florida, Texas and Minnesota set different notice periods, ticket lives and re-mark rules, so each log row follows the owner's confirmed rule for that state.
- In Texas a general contractor's ticket does not cover a subcontractor who digs, and a clear response speaks only for that utility.
- The log records responses as each center's system shows them; whether to dig is the owner's call, and how to expose a marked line the operator's.
- A morning routine reads status pages on a schedule and drafts update requests, which the owner files from the Bot's conversation.
- In Australia, Before You Dig Australia plans come from asset owners and carry validity dates, and a changed scope needs a new inquiry.
REFERENCES
Sources and further reading.
These sources support the external standards, legal context and research discussed above. The operating recommendations remain Aevrion's analysis.
- Before You Dig811 Before You Dig (Common Ground Alliance)
The requester receives a ticket number and instructions on how long utilities have to respond and how to confirm all have responded; marks show approximate locations. Checked 16 October 2026.
- For Professionals811 Before You Dig (Common Ground Alliance)
Notify, wait, confirm all operators have responded (state processes vary), respect the marks; request a re-mark if marks cannot be maintained or work runs past the request's expiration date, which varies by state. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Before You Dig in Texas811 Before You Dig (Common Ground Alliance)
Texas: advance notice of two working days and not more than fourteen days; marks valid for fourteen days "according to state law or practice" (the page's own qualifier; secondary source). Checked 16 October 2026.
- Section 556.105, Procedures (2026 Florida Statutes)Florida Legislature
Florida only: notice at least two full business days before excavation on land, after-hours notices counted from the next business day (1); information valid thirty calendar days (1)(c); proceeding after missed marking time with reasonable care (6)(a); positive response within two full business days, verified by the excavator (9); stop and request re-marking when marks are no longer visible (11). Checked 16 October 2026.
- Excavator FAQsTexas811
Texas only: no blanket ticket, and a general contractor's ticket does not cover subcontractors; a clear response means no direct conflict and no marks needed; no specific tolerance zone in the Texas one-call law, but a pipeline tolerance zone under Texas Administrative Code 18.2(21) and 18.10; the same answer cites APWA and industry practice of 18 inches either side of a marked utility, with hand tools recommended within it (page re-fetched by V19 with curl, 200); state holidays excluded from the two-working-day wait. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Ticket TypesGopher State One Call
Minnesota only: normal ticket at least 48 hours (excluding filing day, weekends and holidays) and up to fourteen calendar days ahead; valid fourteen calendar days from the stated start unless marks are obscured; Update at least 48 hours before expiry, new ticket number citing the original, one re-mark or extension. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Positive ResponseGopher State One Call
Minnesota only: electronic positive response required on every ticket from 1 August 2026, before the locate period expires; statuses include Not Yet Responded, Clear/No Conflict, Marked, Marking Will Be Delayed and No Access to Site. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Preparing for ExcavationGopher State One Call
Minnesota only: ticket status through the confirmation email link or Search & Status; a new ticket if the excavation area expands; two feet of horizontal clearance between an unexposed facility and power-operated equipment. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Safety and Health Regulations for Construction, 1926.651: Specific excavation requirementsOccupational Safety and Health Administration
(b)(1) to (b)(3): utility locations estimated before an excavation is opened, utility owners contacted, exact location determined by safe and acceptable means on approach. Federal OSHA. Checked 16 October 2026.
- State PlansOccupational Safety and Health Administration
Minnesota operates an OSHA-approved State Plan covering most private-sector workers. Checked 16 October 2026.
- How to lodge a free enquiry (Before You Dig Australia)Before You Dig Australia, published by the South Australian Department for Infrastructure and Transport
Australia: inquiry at least one business day before the project; plans from asset owners, not BYDA, indicating presence rather than exact location; allow up to two business days; do not proceed until information from all affected asset owners; new inquiry if scope changes or plan validity dates expire. Brochure dated November 2023. byda.com.au itself returned a bot challenge and was not opened. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Create and manage BotsGrok Bot documentation (docs.x.ai)
Named Bots with lasting rules given in chat; memory is not a substitute for an authoritative source. Checked 26 October 2026.
- Skills and routinesGrok Bot documentation (docs.x.ai)
Routines on a schedule at least five minutes apart; success and failure history; approval for sending, purchasing, deleting or publishing; a no-data and stale-data policy. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Approvals, security and privacyGrok Bot documentation (docs.x.ai)
Ask first rules for narrow, known actions; takeover for passwords and verification codes. Checked 16 October 2026.
- Grok Bot FAQGrok Bot documentation (docs.x.ai)
A site may block automation, require a login, present a CAPTCHA or require human confirmation. Checked 16 October 2026.
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